Structural geometry of orogenic gold deposits:
World-class orogenic gold deposits are commonly located in the deformed volcano-sedimentary sequences in such strain gradients adjacent to triple-point junctions As a crucial first step, this requires the establishment of superior predictive geological models for the deposit type that is sought by the greenfield exploration A scale-integrated exploration model for orogenic gold
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Orogenic gold and geologic time: a global synthesis
Orogenic, or the so-called “mesothermal”, gold deposits are a distinctive class of mineral deposit (e.g., Bohlke, 1982, Groves et al., 1998) that has been the An orogenic gold deposit is a type of hydrothermal mineral deposit. More than 75% of the gold recovered by humans through history belongs to the class of orogenic gold deposits. Rock structure is the primary control of orogenic gold mineralization at all scales, as it controls both the transport and deposition processes of the mineralized fluids, creating structural pathways of high permeability and focusing deposition to structurally controlled locations. Orogenic gold deposit
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Parameters for the formation of orogenic gold deposits
From the base to the top of the mineralising system, the following components and processes are reviewed: (1) the fluid sources; (2) the appropriate ligands and their sources; (3) the solubility of gold and Orogenic gold deposits represent a coherent deposit class that were deposited from low-salinity CO2-rich fluids over a range of crustal depths from 3 to 20 km. They are widely Orogenic gold deposits: part of a global dynamic conjunction
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Orogenic gold: is a genetic association with magmatism realistic
Skarn mineral assemblages associated with gold ores in orogenic gold provinces have sometimes been used as evidence for large-scale fluid release from If all orogenic gold deposits have a common genesis, the only realistic source of fluid and gold is from devolatilization of a subducted oceanic slab with its overlying gold-bearing sulfide-rich sedimentary A holistic model for the origin of orogenic gold deposits
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Lower crustal resistivity signature of an orogenic gold
Three-dimensional inversion of the long-period MT and GDS data shows a remarkable correlation between orogenic gold deposits with > 1 t production and a < 20 Ω m low-resistivity region at crustalDue to melt/magma mixing, crystal segregation, adsorption, phase immiscibility and sulfur globulization during granitoid emplacement, the mixing of the oxidized magmatic fluids with the metamorphic fluids and gold ligands (HS −) resulted to an increment in oxygen fugacity, thereby promoting the precipitation of orogenic gold Structural and hydrothermal alteration mapping related to orogenic gold
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Minerals Free Full-Text Isotope Geochemistry of the
The Shenshuitan gold deposit is located within the Eastern Kunlun Orogen in northwest China. The gold mineralization here occurs primarily within the ductile fault XI. The sulfide mineral assemblage is dominated by pyrite and arsenopyrite, with minor pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite. Host rocks predominantly consist of To better understand and predict orogenic gold mineralization in the Archean Swayze greenstone belt, the essential ingredients of a mineral system are considered: 1) the source of gold andModelling gold potential in the Granites-Tanami Orogen
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Gold Deposits in the Earth’s History SpringerLink
Considering that the orogenic gold deposits account for the bulk of gold resources in the Earth’s history, it is appropriate at this point to give their summarized characteristics based on the studies of R. Goldfarb, D. Groves, and R. Kerrich ().This table suggests an important conclusion on the presence of tourmaline as a major mineral in In this issue of Geology, Gaboury. (2013, p. 1207) identifies a geochemical tracer in orogenic gold deposits, ethane (C 2 H 6 ), which must be sourced from carbonaceous metasedimentary rocks. Orogenic gold deposits ( Böhlke, 1982) dominantly form in metamorphic rocks in the mid- to shallow crust (5–15 km depth), at or above the On the source of orogenic gold Geology GeoScienceWorld
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Orogenic gold and the mineral systems approach: Resolving fact, fiction
The fact that mineral deposit attributes such as the size frequency of orogenic gold deposits in specific provinces exhibit power law distributions similar to forest fires, earthquakes, and fault size populations, is a compelling motivation to examine their genesis from a systems context. Based on well-studied Earth systems such as climate, orogenic gold deposits in various continents and of all ages, in a similar way to development of coherent minerals-system models for other mineral deposit groups (McCuaig and Hronsky, 2014). Once a subduction-related model is accepted, orogenic gold deposits can be placed into a coherent tectonicOrogenic gold deposits: part of a global dynamic conjunction
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Proterozoic Paleozoic orogenic gold mineralization along the
This review documents the widespread occurrence of structurally-controlled gold mineralization along the Ubendian Belt, which are related to at least three temporally distinct orogenic events spanning from the mid-Proterozoic to the early-Paleozoic (a ∼1.8 Ga event in the Lupa Goldfield, a ∼1.2 Ga event in the Mpanda Mineral Field and a Similar stress-switches leading to extensional reactivation have been documented following: culmination of Gondwana assembly at ~510–520 Ma (e.g. Goodge et al., 1993; Goodge, 1997; Bierlein et al., 2002, 2006; Meert, 2003; Foster et al., 2005, 2009; Orogenic gold mineral systems in the Western Lachlan Orogen (Victoria)Metallogenic relationships to tectonic evolution ScienceDirect
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Seismic Wave Finite-Difference Forward Modeling for Orogenic Gold
The demand for deep prospecting has led to an increase in the enthusiasm for seismic techniques in mineral exploration. Reflection seismology applications in the base metal industry have achieved success. For orogenic gold deposits, however, their applicable conditions remain to be investigated. This paper simulated This orogenic gold mineral system can be applied to conceptual exploration by first identifying the required settings at geodynamic to deposit scales. (Kawai et al., 2009), including evidence from major suture zones associated with the assembly of Proterozoic supercontinents (Santosh et al., 2009).A scale-integrated exploration model for orogenic gold deposits
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The tectonics and mineral systems of Proterozoic Western
WA has a wide variety of mineral deposits, many of which are world class. The best known mineral systems include Archean orogenic gold (Blewett et al., 2010), komatiite-associated nickel (Barnes and Fiorentini, 2012) and iron-ore deposits in the Archean–Proterozoic Hamersley Basin (Taylor et al., 2001).The mineral systems for The Cenozoic Daping orogenic gold deposit, on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, China, contains four lode types that contain a total of 55 t gold. Pyrite-chalcopyrite–dominated (V A ) and galena-dominated polymetallic sulfide veins (V B ) hosted by Neoproterozoic diorite are associated with quartz-sericite-chlorite ± epidote (± barite in MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES, FLUID INCLUSIONS, PYRITE TRACE
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Frontiers Editorial: Plate subduction and mineralization in East
They have also similar wallrock alteration styles, ore mineral assemblage and low to medium salinity ore fluids, comparable to typical mesozonal orogenic gold systems. Further southeast in the Indonesia archipelago, the East Sulawesi Ophiolite, an interpreted Cretaceous-Paleogene oceanic plateau fragment obducted onto the Sundaland margin From a mineral deposit perspective this is consistent with orogenic gold deposits, which form in accretionary environments during on-going convergent plate interaction, correlating with the timing of supercontinent assembly, most notably in the Neoarchaean, late Palaeoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic.Temporal relations between mineral deposits and global tectonic
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Orogenic gold deposits: part of a global dynamic conjunction
Summary Orogenic gold deposits represent a coherent deposit class that were deposited from low-salinity CO2-rich fluids over a range of crustal depths from 3 to 20 km. They are widely considered to have formed from crustal metamorphic fluids generated at the amphibolite-greenschist-facies transition. However, recent research, Hydrothermal gold mineralization is commonly associated with metasomatic processes resulting from interaction of hostrock with infiltrating hot aqueous fluids. Understanding of the alteration mechanism requires quantification of element changes in altered rock, relative to the unaltered or least-altered rock, representing the protolith. Minerals Free Full-Text Elemental Gains and Losses during
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HOSTED BY Geoscience Frontiers ResearchGate
Focus Paper A scale-integrated exploration model for orogenic gold deposits based on a mineral system approach David I. Grovesa ,b, M. Santoshb c ,d *, Liang Zhangb a Orebusters Pty Ltd, GwelupThe main goal consisted of two subsidiary aims. The first aim was to determine the critical constituent processes which defined the Late Archaean EYC orogenic gold mineral system. Once the processes were determined they were translated into practical proxies, which were mapped in time and space using a Geographic Information Predictive mineral discovery in the eastern Yilgarn Craton,
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Neoproterozoic copper-gold mineralization in the Amani area
Introduction. Tanzania is the 5th largest gold producer in Africa, after Burkina Faso, Mali, Ghana and South Africa (Basov, 2020), and produced an estimated 48 tonnes of gold in 2019 (World Gold Council, 2020). This is largely due to a variety of world-class gold deposits towards the NW of Tanzania, in the Lake Victoria Goldfields (see
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